Petroleum Exploration & Its Instrumentation

Petroleum exploration is the process of exploring for oil and gas resources in the earth’s sedimentary basins. The process relies on the methodical application of technology by creative geo scientists that leads to viable prospects to drill and the actual drilling of these prospects with exploratory and appraisal wells. It is the commitment of large amounts of risk capital to explore prospects that have an uncertain outcome. You can also Subscribe to FINAL YEAR PROJECT'S by Email for more such projects and seminar.


ONGC has institutionalized R&D in the oil and gas and related sectors and established separate institutions to undertake specific activities in key areas of exploration, drilling, reservoir management, production technology, ocean engineering, safety and environment protection in the form of 12 independently managed R&D centres.

Exploration depends on highly sophisticated technology to detect and determine the extent of these deposits using exploration geophysics. Areas thought to contain hydrocarbons are initially subjected to a gravity survey, magnetic survey, passive seismic or regional seismic reflection surveys to detect large-scale features of the sub-surface geology.

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Features of interest area unit subjected to additional careful unstable surveys that work on the principle of the time it takes for mirrored sound waves to commute through matter (rock) of varied densities and exploitation the method of depth conversion to make a profile of the substructure. Finally, once a possibility has been known and evaluated and passes the oil company’s choice criteria, a search well is trained in a trial to once and for all confirm the presence or absence of oil or gas.

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The best way to learn about subsurface geology and the potential for natural gas deposits to exist in a told area is to drill an exploratory well. This consists of digging into the Earth's crust to allow geologists to study the material of the underground rock layers in detail.

This project work on "petroleum exploration & its instrumentation" was done as a part of summer training project at ONGC and is bonafide work of the author for Applied Electronics and Instrumentation. This report contain detail study about petroleum exploration, location of oil fields, elements of a petroleum prospect, different types of traps like structural traps & stratigraphic traps, extraction, drilling, production etc.

Author:- Shubham Agarwal

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